Which term describes the breakdown of pesticides in the environment?

The term that describes the breakdown of pesticides in the environment is "degradation." This refers to the process by which chemical substances are transformed into simpler, less toxic compounds, often through chemical, biological, or physical processes. Degradation is an essential concept in environmental science as it indicates how long pesticides remain active in the ecosystem and how they can potentially affect non-target organisms.

This breakdown process can occur through various mechanisms such as microbial action, sunlight (photodegradation), or chemical reactions (hydrolysis), ultimately leading to the reduction of pesticide residues in the environment. Understanding degradation is crucial for assessing the environmental impact of pesticide use and for making informed decisions about pest management practices.

Other terms like persistence relate to how long a pesticide remains active in the environment before it breaks down, while absorption typically refers to how substances enter organisms or materials. Decomposition, while similar in theme, usually pertains to the breakdown of organic matter rather than pesticides specifically.