Which of the following terms describes the process of a substance becoming inactive?

The process of a substance becoming inactive is best described by the term "neutralize." Neutralization typically refers to a chemical reaction where an acid and a base react to form water and a salt, effectively rendering both the acid and base inactive in terms of their corrosive or reactive properties. In a broader context, neutralization can also refer to removing the activity or potency of a substance, such as a pesticide or pollutant, allowing it to be rendered harmless.

This concept is particularly important in aquatic pest management, where it may be necessary to neutralize chemicals to prevent harm to aquatic ecosystems after treatment. Understanding this process is crucial for ensuring environmental safety and compliance with regulations concerning the use of pesticides and other chemical agents in water bodies.