What type of pesticide is derived from natural materials such as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals?

The correct choice, biopesticide, refers to pesticides that originate from natural materials including animals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals. Biopesticides are typically less harmful to the environment compared to chemical pesticides and often target specific pests while leaving beneficial organisms unharmed. They include substances like microbial pesticides, which are made from microorganisms, and plant-incorporated protectants that come from genetic modifications of plants.

Fungicides are chemicals designed specifically to control fungal diseases and do not derive from natural materials in the same broad way as biopesticides. Herbicides are used to control unwanted plants or weeds; while some may be derived from natural sources, many are synthetic and do not encompass the wider category of biopesticides. Rodenticides are intended for controlling rodent populations and are generally formulated from chemical compounds rather than being derived from natural materials. Thus, biopesticides uniquely encapsulate the concept of pesticides originating from natural sources.