What is the term for the unwanted growth of algae in water bodies?

The term for the unwanted growth of algae in water bodies is called eutrophication. This process occurs when excess nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, enter a water body, often due to runoff from agriculture, wastewater discharges, or stormwater. The increased nutrient levels promote rapid algal growth, which can lead to several ecological problems, such as depleted oxygen levels when the algae die and decompose, creating "dead zones" that are inhospitable for aquatic life.

Understanding eutrophication is essential in aquatic pest management because controlling nutrient inputs can help manage and prevent harmful algal blooms, thereby protecting water quality and aquatic ecosystems. This concept highlights the importance of balanced nutrient levels to maintain healthy aquatic environments.