What does the term "stratification" indicate in an aquatic environment?

The term "stratification" in an aquatic environment refers to the separation of layers based on temperature and density. Aquatic systems, particularly lakes and large bodies of water, can develop distinct layers due to variations in temperature, salinity, and other properties. This phenomenon occurs because warmer water is typically less dense than colder water, leading to a situation where the warmer, less dense water remains at the surface while the cooler, denser water resides below.

This layering can significantly impact the ecology of the aquatic system, influencing processes like oxygen distribution and nutrient availability. Understanding stratification is crucial for effective aquatic pest management, as it affects the behavior and distribution of aquatic organisms, including both pests and their natural predators. Recognizing these layers helps in planning treatment strategies for controlling pest populations in specific depths where they are most concentrated.