What are two methods to control mosquito populations in aquatic environments?

Introducing larvivorous fish and applying biocontrol agents are effective methods for controlling mosquito populations in aquatic environments. Larvivorous fish, such as Gambusia affinis (mosquito fish), actively feed on mosquito larvae, thereby reducing the number of mosquitoes before they can develop into adults. This biological approach is ecologically sound as it targets the larvae directly and helps maintain a balance in the ecosystem.

Applying biocontrol agents, which can include naturally occurring pathogens or predators that specifically target mosquito larvae, further enhances mosquito population control without the adverse effects that chemical pesticides might have on non-target species and the environment. This method leverages natural processes to achieve pest control, making it sustainable and environmentally friendly.

In contrast, using pesticides exclusively can lead to chemical resistance and potential harm to non-target organisms, while draining all water bodies can disrupt local ecosystems and may not be feasible or desirable for many habitats. Utilizing traps may capture some adult mosquitoes, but it does not effectively reduce the larvae in the water, which is crucial for long-term population control.