What are plants that are rooted in sediment with most of their leaves and stems above the waterline called?

Emergent plants are defined as aquatic plants that are rooted in sediment but extend most of their leaves and stems above the waterline. These plants thrive in shallow water and play a crucial role in the aquatic ecosystem by providing habitats and food for various forms of wildlife. Their above-water portions allow them to photosynthesize efficiently, while their roots help stabilize sediment and improve water clarity.

In contrast, floating-leaved plants primarily have leaves that float on the water's surface, while their roots may reach down to the sediment. Free-floating plants lack any root structure in the sediment and float entirely on the water's surface, relying on nutrient uptake from the water. Submerged plants are entirely underwater, with leaves and stems that remain beneath the surface, unlike emergent plants, which are characterized by their above-water growth. Understanding these classifications helps in proper identification and management of aquatic ecosystems.